Blue Goat CyberBlue Goat CyberSMMedical Device Cybersecurity
    Start here
    Services
    • Medical Device Cybersecurity Consulting
    • FDA Premarket Cybersecurity Package
    • Medical Device Penetration Testing Services
    • FDA Deficiency Response
    • FDA Postmarket Cybersecurity
    • Medical Device Threat Modeling
    • eSTAR Cybersecurity Documentation Support
    See all services
    Products

    Blue Goat products

    • GoatWatch logoGoatWatchSBOM risk management for medical devices
    About
    Resources

    Learn

    • Blog
    • Podcast
    • Webinars
    • Talks & workshops
    • Glossary
    • FAQs

    Playbooks & Tools

    • Guides
    • Playbooks (PDF)
    • Infographics
    • Interactive Tools

    Signals & Proof

    • Goat FeedNew
    • News
    • Medical Device Security News
    • The Goat's Weekly
    • Case Studies
    • Proof / Receipts
    All resources, topic hubs, & collections →
    ⌘K
    Book Strategy SessionHow to prepare →
    Blue Goat Cyber

    Full-service medical device cybersecurity. We protect patients by securing connected medical devices from design through postmarket.

    275+ FDA submissions supported, zero cybersecurity rejections · Mission: 1,000 by 2028

    SDVOSB · Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business

    We sponsor 10 community projects →

    Services

    • FDA Premarket Cybersecurity Package
    • FDA Deficiency Response
    • Medical Device Threat Modeling
    • Medical Device Penetration Testing Services
    • FDA Postmarket Cybersecurity
    • All services →
    Services
    • FDA Premarket Cybersecurity Package
    • FDA Deficiency Response
    • Medical Device Threat Modeling
    • Medical Device Penetration Testing Services
    • FDA Postmarket Cybersecurity
    • All services →

    Company

    • About
    • Core values
    • Manifesto
    • Leadership
    • Why Us
    • Partners
    • Careers
    • Press
    • Press kit
    • Contact
    • Company overviewPDF
    Company
    • About
    • Core values
    • Manifesto
    • Leadership
    • Why Us
    • Partners
    • Careers
    • Press
    • Press kit
    • Contact
    • Company overviewPDF

    Resources

    • Blog
    • Guides
    • Podcast
    • Case studies
    • Monthly Pulse newsletter
    • All resources →
    Resources
    • Blog
    • Guides
    • Podcast
    • Case studies
    • Monthly Pulse newsletter
    • All resources →

    Get in touch

    • info@bluegoatcyber.com
    • 844-939-GOAT
    • Book a strategy session →
    • 1776 N Scottsdale Rd, Unit 727
      Scottsdale, AZ 85257Serving clients worldwide

    Follow

    © 2026 Blue Goat Cyber. All rights reserved.

    • Privacy
    • Terms
    • Cookies
    • Sitemap
    • Accessibility
    • CVD

    MedTech Cybersecurity · Since 2022

    Infographics

    The work, drawn out.

    Shareable visual explainers on medical device threat modeling, risk assessment, and security architecture. Every graphic ships with a full text version so it is readable, searchable, and accessible - not just a picture.

    Threat Modeling

    5 graphics

    How a medical device threat model for an FDA submission is structured, built, and reviewed - from the four questions through STRIDE, attack trees, and the QA gate.

    See the underlying service
    Infographic: the four threat modeling questions - what are we working on, what can go wrong, what are we going to do about it, and did we do a good enough job - each with the artifacts it produces.
    Part 1

    Underneath it all, four questions

    The four questions that structure a medical device threat model for FDA premarket submissions, and what each one has to produce.

    View Download
    Infographic: the nine-step medical device threat modeling workflow mapped to the four questions, from scoping and the DFD through STRIDE, attack trees, controls, testing, and the residual risk QA gate.
    Part 2

    Four questions, nine steps

    The nine-step workflow that turns the four threat modeling questions into a threat table and a residual risk position.

    View Download
    Infographic chain of seven steps: threat, vulnerability, CIA loss, hazardous situation, harm rated per ISO 14971, security control, and verification, with shared IDs on every row.
    Part 3

    Cybersecurity hazard analysis: from threat to harm to control

    How one row of a medical device cybersecurity hazard analysis links a threat to a patient harm, a security control, and the test that proves it.

    View Download
    Infographic of CVSS 4.0 Base, Threat, Environmental, and Supplemental metric groups, plus an illustrative infusion pump vulnerability with vector AV:A/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N scoring 8.7 High.

    CVSS 4.0 at a glance, with a medical device example

    The four CVSS 4.0 metric groups and a worked infusion pump example that scores 8.7 High.

    View Download
    Infographic of a device, phone app, and cloud separated by trust boundaries, with six STRIDE cards: spoofing, tampering, repudiation, information disclosure, denial of service, and elevation of privilege, each with the property it breaks and a device example.

    STRIDE threats on a connected medical device

    The six STRIDE threat types, the security property each one breaks, and an example on a device, phone app, and cloud system.

    View Download

    FDA Regulation

    5 graphics

    FDA cybersecurity guidance, Section 524B, and what goes into an eSTAR submission.

    See the underlying service
    Infographic timeline: October 2014 first premarket guidance; December 28, 2016 postmarket guidance; December 29, 2022 Section 524B enacted; March 29, 2023 Section 524B in effect; September 27, 2023 premarket guidance; October 1, 2023 refuse-to-accept begins; June 27, 2025 updated premarket guidance; February 3, 2026 current premarket guidance.

    FDA medical device cybersecurity timeline, 2014 to 2026

    Every FDA cybersecurity guidance and Section 524B milestone from 2014 to 2026, with premarket guidance, postmarket guidance, and the law shown as separate tracks.

    View Download
    Infographic listing ten eSTAR cybersecurity documents: threat model, security risk assessment, security architecture views, SBOM, unresolved anomalies, cybersecurity testing, traceability, cybersecurity management plan, labeling, and risk management report.

    What goes in the eSTAR cybersecurity section

    The ten core documents the FDA's premarket guidance describes for a cyber device, and what each one has to show in an eSTAR submission.

    View Download
    Infographic with four cards: postmarket vulnerability plan with coordinated disclosure, secure design processes with updates and patches, SBOM, and other requirements the FDA sets by regulation, each paired with its evidence.

    Section 524B checklist for cyber devices

    The four Section 524B requirements for a cyber device submission on one card, each matched to the document that proves it.

    View Download
    Comparison table of three FDA letters: refuse to accept or eSTAR technical screening hold, 510(k) hold letter, and De Novo or PMA deficiency letter, with timing, meaning, 180-day response clock, consequence of missing it, and next step.

    Refuse to accept vs. hold letter vs. deficiency letter

    What each FDA letter means, when it arrives, how long you have to respond, and what to do next.

    View Download
    Two-column infographic. Premarket, under the February 2026 guidance and Section 524B: threat model, architecture views, SBOM, testing, unresolved anomalies, labeling, postmarket plan. Postmarket, under the December 2016 guidance and Section 524B: monitoring, coordinated disclosure, controlled vs. uncontrolled risk, patching, out-of-cycle fixes, ISAO sharing, and FDA reporting when required.

    Premarket vs. postmarket cybersecurity duties

    What the FDA expects before clearance and what continues after, side by side.

    View Download

    SBOM

    2 graphics

    Building, identifying, and monitoring the software bill of materials for a medical device.

    See the underlying service
    Infographic loop of six steps: build the SBOM from the build, identify components with PURL and CPE, monitor NVD, CISA KEV, and vendor advisories, triage with VEX, fix, and release an update with a new SBOM.

    The medical device SBOM lifecycle

    The six repeating steps that keep a medical device SBOM useful after submission: build, identify, monitor, triage, fix, and update.

    View Download
    Infographic comparing PURL and CPE: examples pkg:npm/lodash@4.17.21 and cpe:2.3:a:lodash:lodash:4.17.21, who defines names, best use, weak spots, and how to use both in an SBOM.

    PURL vs CPE at a glance

    A side-by-side comparison of PURL and CPE component identifiers for medical device SBOMs: format, who defines names, best use, and weak spots.

    View Download

    Standards

    1 graphic

    How the safety, software, and security standards for medical devices fit together.

    See the underlying service
    Lifecycle chart with five stages: plan and risk, design and build, verify, release, and postmarket. ISO 14971, IEC 62304, IEC 81001-5-1, and AAMI SW96 span all stages; TIR57 covers planning through verification; TIR97 covers postmarket; IEC 62443-4-1 and 4-2 cover design and verification.

    How the medical device cybersecurity standards fit together

    ISO 14971, IEC 62304, IEC 81001-5-1, AAMI SW96, TIR57, TIR97, and IEC 62443 mapped across the product lifecycle.

    View Download

    Working with Blue Goat

    4 graphics

    How our services run, what they include, and what they cost.

    See the underlying service
    Infographic of eight steps: kickoff, intake, week 1 readiness review, logistics, testing, tear sheet, full report, and unlimited retests, with a fixed fee after scoping starting around $15,000 for simple devices.

    How a medical device penetration test runs

    The eight steps of a Blue Goat medical device penetration test, from kickoff to unlimited retests.

    View Download
    Infographic of six deliverable groups: risk management, software and components, requirements and architecture, testing, labeling, and management plan, with the note that FDA cybersecurity questions are answered at no extra cost until the cybersecurity portion is closed.

    What full-service FDA premarket cybersecurity includes

    Every deliverable in the full-service FDA premarket cybersecurity package, grouped the way the FDA reviews them.

    View Download
    Infographic of three options: one-time fixed-fee project, project then retainer, and ongoing retainer starting at $5,000 a month.

    Three ways to work with Blue Goat Cyber

    A one-time fixed-fee project, a project followed by a retainer, or an ongoing retainer starting at $5,000 a month.

    View Download
    Infographic with a fictional one-page executive summary showing an FDA readiness verdict, five rated findings, and a gap-closing estimate, beside three facts: about 2 weeks, from $7,500, and NDA signed first.

    Cybersecurity due diligence for medtech investors

    What an investor diligence review delivers: a one-page summary in about 2 weeks, from $7,500, under NDA.

    View Download

    More series are in production - cybersecurity risk assessment, security architecture views, SBOM and VEX, and postmarket vulnerability management. Free to reuse in training decks and internal wikis with attribution to Blue Goat Cyber.

    Ready when you are

    Secure your device before it reaches patients.

    30-minute strategy session. No cost, no commitment - just answers from people who've supported 275+ FDA submissions, with zero cybersecurity rejections.

    Book strategy sessionExplore services